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プレゼンテーション　英語版
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Here I would like to explain about the Kyoto University Global Center of Excellence Program, “Reconstruction of the Intimate and Public Spheres in Asia.”
eng01
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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The Global Center of Excellence Program (GOCE) is one of the core programs of the Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS) for the creation of leading education and research centers in the challenging academic fields of the 21st Century world. Our five-year (2008-2012) program, ”Reconstruction of the Intimate and Public Spheres in the 21st Century Asia”, was approved in June 2008 in the field of Social Science, and with the purposes and approaches discussed below. The purpose of our program is: (1) the establishment of a new research field to investigate the public and private spheres in Asia, and the proposal of practical policies; (2) the creation of a new generation of researchers who can further develop this new field with a global perspective, and through that, (3) the construction of an Asian social research network. This goal is achieved through the three basic approaches of (1) a multi-disciplinary synthesis of social science, (2) the construction of a global network of Overseas Partner Institutions, and (3) academism open to society.
eng02
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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First, let me begin with a story about when we decided on the vision for this program. Our research group had been, for some years, conducting comparative research on modern families in Asia and Europe. In Japan, the phenomenon known as “childcare anxiety” was frequently brought up as an issue, but we realised that this phenomenon was almost unheard of outside Japan. When we looked into why that was, there were many various childcare support functions outside Japan. There was support from the relatives, support from government policies, the employment of foreign domestic workers, and so on. For the private activity of childcare, the state and globalization and other macro causes were having a decisive effect. It was made painfully clear to us that we would need a global research cooperation and multi-disciplinary synthesis of social science in order to explain this.
eng03
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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Let me clarify things. A typical model of the modern society assumes three very different elements: the state, civil society, and the modern family. However, along with the changes in the modern society termed post-modern or high modernity and the progress of globalization, this structure has become fluid. In the macro direction, global social systems that go beyond the nation-state are being born. And in the micro direction, we are seeing the diversity of families or various private lifestyles that are not even bound by the family. This is why we have come to use the concept of “intimate sphere” in place of “family.” The intimate sphere refers to the area made up of those people who are connected by special relationships of love or caring. The opposite concept is the public sphere. In contemporary society, the boundaries between the intimate and public spheres are becoming fluid, and they influence each other deeply at the same time as changing forms. Globalism and the expansion of the market economy has made it difficult to create families due to casual employment and long working hours. On the other hand the international migration of women and cross-border marriages are increasing to make up for the insufficient supply of care workers. The frequent movement of people changes the patterns of mutual assistance in the family and the community in both the sending and the receiving countries, and forces us to reconsider the framework of the welfare state at a fundamental level. In North America and Europe, and in East Asia, including Japan, the chronic decrease in childbirth is at once both a cause of this change, and the result. This change, which may be termed “a historical transformation in the reproduction of human life,” is nothing less than the process by which the intimate and public spheres simultaneously change through the actions of the market, the state, and globalization directly working on the family and the daily life.
eng04
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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eng05
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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eng06
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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eng07
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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So, let us now turn our gaze to Asia. It is in today’s Asian societies that the simultaneous change of the public and private spheres appears as a particular trait. Asia has a diversity of cultures and a multitude of development paths, but the extremely low birthrate, the lack of development of social security programs, the family-centred discourse regarding care, and the rapid increase in cross-border marriages are some of the many phenomena that they all share. There are viewpoints that attempt to explain this commonality by rooting it in traditional Asian culture, by for example attributing it to familist traditions, but we shall not take that framework. We believe that behind this commonality is something that the Korean sociologist Chang Kyung-Sup described as “compressed modernity,” a shared set of conditions. Through the shared conditions, an “Asia” that has a shared actuality is perhaps even now starting to be created. This is something we can term “Asianization,” as distinct from “Globalization.” To explain this, we need to create a theory from the current reality of Asia. When we look at the family, if we consider the stable period when the total fertility rate (TFR) was nearly 2 to be the golden age of the “modern family,” then this period, which existed in Europe for half a century, does not exist in Asia. Asia is currently undergoing an overlap of “changes towards the modern family,” and “changes to beyond the modern family.” Japan experienced modernization at exactly the mid-point period between Europe and North America and the rest of Asia and has accumulated a great deal of work that has analysed this experience. There is, we believe, a significant meaning for a COE based in Japan to play a role in the construction of a theory of Asian social change while focusing on the so-called “Asian” phenomena of the family and the intimate sphere.
eng08
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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9. In order to bring this goal about, what kinds of foundations and systems are we preparing? Kyoto University has a long research and education tradition of sociologists of various specialities working together and surmounting the boundaries of organizations. While absorbing the traditions of oriental studies and regional research, it has provided concepts and theoretical frameworks that does not limit itself to stereotypes based on intensive fieldwork in Japan and other areas of Asia. Against the background of this research, and gained the participation of researchers in various related fields of social science, we established the “Kyoto University Sociology Ring,” a cross-departmental research and education network, in 2002. The Sociology Ring has worked as a practical education unit as well as creating a national and international network that carries out a number of international joint research projects. This is the direct foundation for this COE program.
eng09
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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The management structure of this COE program is as shown in the diagram. Under the Program Leader, three Division Coordinators are in charge of Research, Education and Publication Divisions respectively. Decisions are made by a Management Committee that includes overseas members from the Overseas Partner Institutions and next-generation researchers, i.e., graduate students and post-doctoral fellows. We also work in cooperation with the Kyoto University Center for Women Researchers, set up in 2006, and develop and carry out the “Research Life Balance” support program for balancing both life and research especially among women researchers and young researchers, with the support of the entire university academe. Furthermore, we have set up an “Advisory Committee” of influential persons both inside and outside Japan, and are working on incorporating its evaluation as feedback for the operation of the program.
eng10
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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The most notable attribute of this program is the creation of the “Global Network with Overseas Partner Institutions.” The Sociology Ring has carried out student exchanges with many universities and research institutions, as well as held joint research projects. The COE program will further systematize those links and create an “Asian and Global Social Studies Network” that goes beyond the previous one to one links. Overseas Partner Institutions will not be established just in Asia; we will set up them in Europe and North America as well, and aim to develop people who are able to see with equal facility the views of Asia and Europe and North America.
eng11
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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On this foundation that I have just described, the overall image of the education and human resource development plan that we are bringing about is this. The goal is to create next-generation researchers in the field of ‘Reorganization of Intimate and Public Spheres’ who can contribute both to academic research and policy formation with a multidisciplinary and Asian viewpoint, and to the construction of an “Asian and Global Social Studies Network”. After graduation, they will work in domestic and international government organizations, the media, NPOs/NGOs, and of course academia as well. To this end, what we prepare is the following: a “Multidisciplinary Education Program" that is carried out across the disciplines, a “Global Human Resources Development Program” that uses the joint links between the Overseas Partner Institutions to their maximum, and “Career Path Support” such as internships. In order to recruit ambitious and diverse students and researchers to participate in this program, we shall continuously accept exchange students from the Overseas Partner Institutions, advertise both domestically and internationally for COE researchers, bring in experienced staff members of government and NGO/NPOs, and carry out the “Research Life Balance” support program for balancing both life and research among women researchers and young researchers that we are developing in cooperation with the Center for Women Researchers.
eng12
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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Of the “Global Human Resource Development Programs,” one that I want to make a particular mention of is the frequent exchanges with students and faculty between the Overseas Partner Institutions. We construct a system whereby the students go overseas while studying for their doctorate, and we encourage them to study in both Asia and Europe or North America and receive mentoring there. Also, through exchange with the invited researchers and exchange students from overseas that we continuously have at Kyoto University, students and young researchers are always exposed to what is going on in overseas research, and work to construct cross-border networks of graduate students and young researchers. In the sense of making this program an Asian experiment of programs like the EU’s ERASMUS program, we would like to give it the name of the “Asian ERASMUS Pilot Program.” During the period when the Global COE is in operation, we shall tie up links with partner universities and seek to shape an internationally linked graduate school.
eng13
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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We shall also work actively to develop mutual cooperation for research, education, and related activities with government agencies, international organs, NGOs and NPOs, corporations, and similar, and accept officials and staff from these agencies into the graduate school to conduct training and joint research with them. Using these agencies as a base, we shall prepare a diverse range of internship opportunities for the students, and link it to “Career Path Support.”
eng14
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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Next, regarding research activities, we shall continue to emphasize the educational aspect of academic practise. The left side of the diagram shows the meaning in terms of research, and the right side shows meaning in terms of education of each academic practice. We have divided academic practices into three levels, and will develop them from the lowest level.
eng15
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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The most basic of all is the editing of the multilingual readings. The intellectual outcomes created in the Asian region has generally gone through European and North American academia to arrive at the other areas of Asia, but that has its limits in terms of quality, quantity, and speed, and has been connected to the lack of a shared intellectual basis among the Asian region. So therefore what we shall initially do is select the most important works related to the “intimate and public spheres” that have been published in the local languages, and translate and publish them in English, Japanese, Chinese, and other languages, through which we aim to share the research collections of the various Asian societies. Researchers from the Overseas Partner Institutions will also be members of the Editing Committee.
eng16
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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The next step is to carry out basic research projects with common themes and common formats, in collaboration with the Overseas Partner Institutions, and build a pan-Asian database. The basic research projects will include both quantitative surveys and qualitative or field researches, and the data will be made public and become a shared foundation for comparative analyses.
eng17
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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Research activities are carried out under the five Research Committees of theory, field, quantity, history, and policy. All researchers and students of the COE belong to one or more of these groups, regardless of their faculty membership, and continue to deepen their approach. However, each research project on a specified topic can be proposed and formed more easily under one or more Research Committee as an individual or joint research project including researchers from Overseas Partner Institutions as well as the COE researchers and students. There are no barriers at all to participating in a research project formed under the Research Committee that one does not belong to. For example, a student studying the history of care work, while deepening her or his discipline in the Research Committee on History, can also join in a joint research project under the Research Committee on Quantitative Studies and survey the state of care work in Thailand.
eng18
2008年12月14日(日) 05:26 JST
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